Sheybak L.N.
The peculiarities of amino acids supply and need for them in the neonatal period
Education Establishment "Grodno State Medical University", Republic of Belarus
Abstract.
Traditionally considered nonessential amino acids (i.e., glutamine, glutamate, arginine) perform important functions in gene expression, signalling systems, antioxidant protection and immunity. Furthermore, glutamate, glutamine and aspartate are major metabolic energy substrates for the small intestine, and they, along with glycine regulate neurological functions. Among the essential amino acids special attention is paid to leucine which activates mTOR for the stimulation of protein synthesis and inhibits proteolysis as well as to tryptophan, which modulates immunological and neurological functions by means of a great number of metabolites, including serotonin and melatonin. Accumulated literature data allow us to put forward a conception of functional amino acids; amino acids that in addition to their participating in protein biosynthesis regulate key metabolic pathways aimed at the improvement of vitality, health, growth, development, lactation and reproduction of organisms can be considered to be amino acids of this kind.
Key words: аmino acids, newborn, need.
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