DOI: https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2019.2.28
Карпук Н.А.
Механизмы и роль оральной толерантности в развитии аллергических заболеваний слизистой оболочки полости рта
Витебский государственный ордена Дружбы народов медицинский университет, г. Витебск, Республика Беларусь
Вестник ВГМУ. – 2019. – Том 18, №2. – С. 28-36.
Резюме.
Стоматологические материалы, находясь в полости рта, постоянно подвергаются биодеградации и взаимодействию с местной микробиотой и вместе с ротовой жидкостью при проглатывании попадают в желудочно-кишечный тракт. Система иммунитета кишечника способна отличать безвредные антигены и комменсальные бактерии от патогенных микроорганизмов, что приводит к толерантности и защитному иммунитету соответственно. Антигены кишечных комменсалов не просто игнорируются, а скорее инициируют активный иммуносупрессивный процесс, более известный как оральная толерантность, которая предотвращает исход иммунопатологии. Как внутренние свойства микросреды кишечника, так и участвующие клетки, а также периферические явления, вызванные системным распространением пероральных антигенов, способствуют индукции регуляторных механизмов, которые обеспечивают поддержание гомеостаза кишечника. В этой обзорной статье рассматриваются механизмы естественной иммунной толерантности к относительно безвредным антигенам и факторы, способствующие нарушению оральной толерантности и развитию аллергических заболеваний слизистой оболочки рта.
Ключевые слова: слизистая оболочка полости рта, аллергия, оральная толерантность, система иммунитета.
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Сведения об авторах:
Карпук Н.А. – к.м.н., доцент кафедры общей стоматологии с курсами ортопедической стоматологии, ФПК и ПК, Витебский государственный ордена Дружбы народов медицинский университет.
Адрес для корреспонденции: Республика Беларусь, 210009, г. Витебск, пр. Фрунзе, 27, Витебский государственный ордена Дружбы народов медицинский университет, кафедра общей стоматологии с курсами ортопедической стоматологии, ФПК и ПК. E-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. – Карпук Наталья Анатольевна.
