Sokolov S.M., Shevchuk L.M.
Quantitative criteria of hygienic assessment of multicomponent atmospheric air pollution effects on the body
Scientific-Practical Centre of Hygiene, Republic of Belarus
Abstract.
Objectives. To determine the nature of the combined effect of multicomponent aerosol composition of the major atmospheric air pollutants (sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide and ash) in the experiment.
Material and methods. Dynamic inhalation priming of the laboratory animals by the main atmospheric pollutants (SO2, NO2, NO, ash) has been conducted. To determine the combined effect the methodological approach, based on the definition of the bioequivalence of the substances on their separate and joint entry into the body has been used.
Results. According to the results of the experiment isoefficiency concentration of substances was defined and ratios of the combined action were calculated. In accordance with the principle of the limiting indicator to assess the actual atmospheric air pollution the coefficient of the combined action (Cc.a.) at the level of 1,65 was recommended.
Conclusions. The nature and value of the combined effect of the investigated compounds depends on the used indicators of biological action, time of the effect onset, level of substances concentration in the mixture. On decreasing the concentration the Cc.a. value grows and the character of the combined action changes from the «strenghthening» to «weakening».
Key words: atmospheric air, combined action, isoefficiency concentration, laboratory animals.
References
1. Gritsenko TD, Naumenko TE, Filonov VP, Shevchuk LM. Sistema gigienicheskogo normirovaniia zagriazniaiushchikh veshchestv v atmosfernom vozdukhe i otsenki klassa opasnosti promyshlennykh predpriiatii [System of hygienic rationing of contaminants in atmospheric air and estimates of a class of danger of the industrial enterprises]. V: Ekologicheskaia i tekhnogennaia bezopasnost'. Okhrana vodnogo i vozdushnogo basseinov. Utilizatsiia otkhodov: sb. nauch. tr. Kharkov, Ukraine; 2008. р. 341-355.
2. Kurliandsky BA, Khamidulina KhKh. O novykh podkhodakh k obosnovaniiu neobkhodimosti razrabotki predel'no dopustimykh kolichestv khimicheskikh veshchestv [About new approaches to justification of need of development of maximum permissible amounts of chemicals]. V: Metodologiia gigienicheskogo reglamentirovaniia. Minsk, RB; 1999. р. 7-14.
3. Pinigin AM. Otsenka kombinirovannogo deistviia atmosfernykh zagriaznenii pri planirovanii i osushchestvlenii vozdukhookhrannykh meropriiatii [Assessment of the combined action of atmospheric pollution during the planning and implementation of airsecurity actions]. Gigiena i sanitariia. 2005;(7):48-50.
4. Kurliandsky BA, Stovbur NN, Dukhovnaya AI. Veroiatnostnaia otsenka sravnitel'noi chuvstvitel'nosti sistem organizma k otravleniiu vinilkhloridom [Probabilistic assessment of comparative sensitivity of systems of an organism to poisoning with vinyl chloride]. Gigiena i sanitariia. 1978;(8):51-5.
5. Kamildzhanov AKh, NIISPGZ MZ Ruz. Gigienicheskie osnovy reglamentirovaniia aerozolei metallov v atmosfernom vozdukhe i otsenka ikh vliianiia na zdorov'e naseleniia v raionakh raspolozheniia metallurgicheskikh predpriiatii [Hygienic bases of a regulation of aerosols of metals in atmospheric air and an assessment of their influence on health of the population in regions of an arrangement of the metallurgical enterprises]: avtoref. … dis. d-ra med. nauk: 14.02.01. Moscow, RF; 1987. 47 р.
6. Gigienicheskie trebovaniia k obespecheniiu kachestva atmosfernogo vozdukha naselennykh punktov i mest otdykha naseleniia [Hygienic requirements to ensuring quality of atmospheric air of settlements and vacation spots of the population]: sanitarnye normy, pravila i gigienicheskie normativy: utv. post. M-va zdravookhraneniia Resp. Belarus' 30.06.2009, № 77. V: Kommunal'naia gigiena: sb. normativ. dok. Minsk, RB; 2009. Vyp. 8. р. 3-7.
