DOI: https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2016.5.52
Okulich V.K.
Microbiological and immunological aspects of infections caused by opportunistic bacteria that form biofilm
Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
Vestnik VGMU. 2016;15(5):52-63.
Abstract.
Objectives. To evaluate the ability of opportunistic bacteria to create microbial communities, i.e. biofilms, to establish their influence on wound infections and to assess the destructive capacity of antiseptics, enzymes, patients’ sera, and immunoglobulins against exopolymeric biofilm matrix.
Material and methods. By means of the developed methods for biofilm study, 77 clinical isolates of bacteria from patients with surgical infections and 83 clinical isolates from patients with chronic periodontitis were investigated. To determine the influence of biofilm-producing capacity of bacteria on the clinical course of wound infections laboratory and clinical examination of 65 patients with suppurative surgical infections of soft tissues was conducted.
Results. The significantly higher biofilm production (р<0,05) was established for Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures isolated from patients with surgical infections. More active biofilm production was also determined for Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus epidermidis species residing in the oral cavity (р>0,05). In conditions of our experimental model, dimethylsulfoxide was found to be the most efficient in biofilm disruption amongst the all studied antiseptics; its activity manifests itself in the first few seconds of biofilm treatment; the similar effects were also demonstrated by Iа type hyaluronidase (with optimal exposure time of 20 s). It was determined for the first time that immunoglobulins with enzymatic activity and the sera of patients with infectious diseases are capable of destroying the biofilm matrix. The impact of biofilm-producing capacity of isolated microbial pathogens on clinical characteristics of wounds as well as the length of patients’ fever period and the duration of the hospital stay was determined.
Conclusions. As a result of the study of microbiological and immunological aspects of bacterial infections the most active producers of microbial biofilm that pertain to opportunistic microflora were identified. It was also found that dimethylsulfoxide and hyaluronidase of Iа type destroy the biofilm with the highest efficacy. The influence of biofilm-producing capacity of causative agents of surgical infections on the dynamics of the wound healing was established.
Key words: catalytic antibodies, abzymes, biofilm, microflora, enzymes, antiseptic agents, surgical infection.
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Information about authors:
Okulich V.K. – Candidate of Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Chair of Clinical Microbiology, Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University.
Correspondence address: Republic of Belarus, 210023, Vitebsk, 27 Frunze ave., Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Chair of Clinical Microbiology. E-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. – Okulich Vitali K.
