DOI: https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2020.1.24
Gusakova E.A., Gorodetskaya I.V.
The importace of glucocorticoids in organizing the body’s stress reaction
Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
Vestnik VGMU. 2020;19(1):24-35.
Abstract.
Тhe glucocorticoid hormones producing a damaging effect in excessive quantity and an adaptive one in small and moderate doses are important in the formation of stress reaction. The research purpose is to analyze the role of glucocorticoids in organizing the body’s response to stress, and for achieving it, on the one hand, to study the change in glucocorticoid function under the influence of extreme stressors, on the other hand, to study the effect of the introduction of exogenous analogues of the indicated glucocorticoids on the stress reaction parameters. It has been found out that stress changes the glucocorticoids function at all levels: biosynthesis and hormones secretion by the adrenal glands, their transport, interaction with the receptors in target organs, biological action, metabolism and excretion. The introduction of glucocorticoids in physiological doses exerts a stress-protective influence (glucocorticoids restrict the change of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol and insulin concentration in the blood, and the increase of lipid peroxidation products level, limit hypercoagulation, improve the neurological status and the cardiovascular system function, minimize apoptotic changes in cells, reduce the intensity of stress symptoms in patients and decrease the mortality rate in experimental animals) due to the effect on the content of inhibitory neurotransmitters (γ-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, serotonin, glycine, opioid peptides), the level of heat shock proteins, the intensity of lipid peroxidation, the state of the proteinase / inhibitors system, the energy supply of the cells.
Key words: glucocorticoids, stress reaction, mechanisms.
The research was conducted within the frames of the theme task of State Research Programs (GPNI) of the Republic of Belarus for 2019-2020 «To study the possibility of increasing organism’s stress tolerance by stimulating the central part of antistress system and reducing the activity of stress-realizing system by means of purposeful correction of the thyroid status (experimental study)».
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Information about authors:
Gusakova E.A. – Candidate of Biological Sciences, associate professor of the Chair of General, Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University,
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9150-5685
Gorodetskaya I.V. – Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor of the Chair of Normal Physiology, Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University,
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7388-4244
Correspondence address: Republic of Belarus, 210009, Vitebsk, 27 Frunze ave., Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Chair of General, Physical and Colloid Chemistry. E-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. – Elena A. Gusakova.
