DOI: https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2023.6.69
A.V. Boika1, M.M. Sialitski1, V.V. Ponomarev1, I.V. Doroshkevich2
Immune system activity in patients with Parkinson’s disease who have had COVID-19
1Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of the Educational Establishment “Belarusian State Medical University”, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
2Healthcare Institution “The 5th City Clinical Hospital”, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
Vestnik VGMU. 2023;22(6):69-75.
Abstract.
According to modern scientific concepts, the main reasons that underlie the clinical manifestations of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are neuronal degeneration (especially dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra) and excessive accumulation and aggregation of the neuronal protein α-synuclein (α-syn). Neuronal pathology observed in PD is accompanied by increased levels of proinflammatory markers produced by various cell types, microgliosis and astrogliosis in the central nervous system, as well as dysregulation of monocyte populations in the blood.
Objectives. To study the indicators of cellular immunity in patients with PD who have had COVID-19.
Material and methods. Groups studied were: “1” – patients who had had COVID-19 (n=55), group “2” – those who hadn’t had COVID-19 (n=30). Using appropriate kits, the absolute (abs) and percentage (%) values of the immune cells were assessed in the blood serum.
Results. In group “1” there were 5 normal indicators that were not within the “normal” range in group “2” (naive CD4+ T cells %, pre-terminally differentiated effector CD4+ T cells %, terminally differentiated effector CD4+ T cells ( abs and %) and simulated PRFC. And group “2” had only two: activated T lymphocytes abs and central CD4+ T memory cells %. Statistically significant differences between the groups were identified according to the following indicators: activated T lymphocytes (CD3+HLA -DR+), %; terminally differentiated effector CD4+ T cells (CD62L-CD45RA+), abs.; naive CD8+ cells (CD62L+CD45RA+), %; naive CD8+ T cells (CD62L+CD45RA+), abs.; terminally differentiated effector CD8+ memory T cells (CD62L-CD45RA+), %.
Conclusions. Our results independently confirm international data on similar changes in the immunogram of the patients with PD. A number of combinations of indicators of T cell subpopulations may be a marker of the immune response in patients with PD to COVID- 19. Further research is required to identify the relationship between the obtained statistically significant changes and the characteristics of the clinical course of PD.
Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, immunogram, COVID-19, T cells.
Source of financing. The work was carried out as a part of the Research Project according to assignment 1.4 “To develop an algorithm for predicting the course of neurological diseases (multiple sclerosis, inflammatory polyneuropathies, Parkinson’s disease) in patients who have suffered coronavirus infection (COVID-19)” of the State Scientific Research Program “Translational Medicine”, subprogram 4.2 “Fundamental aspects of medical science” (date for implementation: 2021-2023, State Registration No. 20210704).
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Information about authors:
A.V. Boika – Candidate of Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Chair of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of the Educational Establishment “Belarusian State Medical University”, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3466-6981,
e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. – Aliaksandr V. Boika;
M.M. Sialitski – Candidate of Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Chair of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of the Educational Establishment “Belarusian State Medical University”;
V.V. Ponomarev – Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, head of the Chair of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of the Educational Establishment “Belarusian State Medical University”;
I.V. Doroshkevich – deputy chief physician for medical affairs, Healthcare Institution “The 5th City Clinical Hospital”.
