DOI: https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2024.2.21
A.V. Zaerko, K.М. Phedina, E.V. Husakouskaya, S.M. Zimatkin
Structural changes in histaminergic neurons of the rats brain after antenatal alcoholization
Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Republic of Belarus
Vestnik VGMU. 2024;23(2):21-28.
Abstract.
Objectives. To assess morphological changes in the histaminergic neurons of the E2 nucleus of hypothalamus in the offspring of rats that were consuming alcohol during pregnancy in the dynamics of postnatal ontogenesis.
Material and methods. The research was carried out on 12 female outbred white rats that received 15 % ethanol solution throughout the entire gestation period and their offspring – 60 rat pups. Decapitation of rat pups was carried out on the 5th, 10th, 20th, 45th and 90th days after birth. The subject of the research was the structure of histaminergic neurons of the posterior hypothalamus of rat pups brain on micropreparations stained using the Nissl method. Studied parameters: minimum and maximum diameters, perimeter, area, volume of neurons, form factor, elongation factor. The micropreparations were examined using an Axioskop 2 plus light microscope (Zeiss, Germany). The obtained data were processed using the Statistica 10.0 program for Windows (StatSoft Inc., USA) applying nonparametric methods.
Results. It has been revealed that in the early period after birth (days 5-10) swelling of histaminergic neurons of the E2 nucleus of hypothalamus occurs, as evidenced by an increase in the minimum and maximum diameters, perimeter, area and volume of perikaryons. At the same time, in the later period (45-90 days), inhibition of growth and rounding of the neurons perikaryons was noted based on a decrease in the perikaryon perimeter, area and volume, as well as a decrease in the maximum diameter and elongation factor, an increase in the form factor in 90 days after birth.
Conclusions. Alcohol consumption by female rats throughout pregnancy disrupts the structure of histaminergic neurons in the hypothalamus of their offspring, which confirms the participation of the histaminergic system of the brain in modulation of the addictive and toxic effects of ethanol. The identified disorders may affect the cognitive, emotional and behavioral functions of the brain of offspring born with fetal alcohol syndrome.
Keywords: hypothalamus, histaminergic neurons, alcohol, pregnancy, rat pups, ontogenesis.
Sources of financing. The research was carried out within the frames of the grant from the Belarusian Foundation for Basic Research «Science M» on the topic «Disturbances in the development of histaminergic neurons of the brain in the offspring of rats that consumed alcohol during pregnancy».
Acknowledgements. The authors express their gratitude to anonymous reviewers of the article.
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Information about authors:
A.V. Zaerko – Candidate of Biological Sciences, associate professor of the Chair of Histology, Cytology & Embryology, Grodno State Medical University, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6155-040X,
Е-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. – Anastasiya V. Zaerko;
K.М. Phedina – Candidate of Biological Sciences, associate professor of the Chair of Histology, Cytology & Embryology, Grodno State Medical University, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6093-3684
E.V. Husakouskaya – Candidate of Medical Sciences, senior lecturer of the Chair of Pathological Physiology named after D.A. Maslakov, Grodno State Medical University;
S.M. Zimatkin – Doctor of Biological Sciences, professor, head of the Chair of Histology, Cytology & Embryology, Grodno State Medical University, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5728-2588
