DOI: https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2024.5.17
T.L. Aladyeva, R.E. Lis
Peroxisomes in the nervous tissue
Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Republic of Belarus
Vestnik VGMU. 2024;23(5):17-30.
Abstract.
Peroxisomes are single-membrane organelles that participate in a wide range of important metabolic processes in the cell (alpha- and β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids; synthesis of bile acids, detoxification of glyoxylate in mammals; formation and inactivation of reactive oxygen species, in particular hydrogen peroxide; synthesis of plasmalogens, which are crucial in the formation and functioning myelin; oxidation of D-amino acids), due to the content of numerous enzymes. In addition, peroxisomes also perform important defensive functions against pathogens and viruses, emphasizing their broader importance in human health and diseases.
Violation of peroxisome biogenesis, leading to loss or disruption of peroxisomal functions resulted from genes mutations of encoding peroxins, peroxisomal enzymes or transporter proteins, leads to serious metabolic disorders in humans, in particular, to characteristic lesions of the central nervous system, in the form of severe neurological disorders associated with impaired brain development, demyelination, loss of integrity processes of neurons, neuroinflammation or other neurodegenerative processes. Paroxysmal dysfunction is also considered one of the causes of Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis.
The objective of this review is to systematize current data on biogenesis, regulatory and metabolic functions of peroxisomes, as well as pexophagy in the cells of the nervous system.
Keywords: peroxisomes, pexophagy, neurons, brain, nervous system.
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Submitted 07.06.2023
Accepted 18.10.2024
Information about authors:
T.L. Aladyeva – lecturer of the Chair of Histology, Cytology & Embryology, Grodno State Medical University;
R.E. Lis – Candidate of Biological Sciences, associate professor of the Chair of Histology, Cytology & Embryology, Grodno State Medical University, e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. – Ruslan E. Lis.
