DOI: HTTP://DX.DOI.ORG/https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2024.5.72
Y.A. Paulau1, N.V. Yarmolenka2, A.S. Zhaunitski2, N.G. Lud1, M.P. Shautsou2
Epidemiological characteristics of the urinary tract urothelial carcinoma in Vitebsk region for the 2018-2022 period
1Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
2Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
Vestnik VGMU. 2024;23(5):72-78.
Abstract.
Objectives. To evaluate the primary morbidity, mortality, local prevalence, recurrence rate and recurrence-free period, disease progression in patients with the first-detected urothelial carcinoma of the urinary tract in Vitebsk region, Republic of Belarus in the period from 2018 to 2022 inclusive.
Material and methods. The discharge records of the Belarusian Cancer Registry of 712 patients with the first-detected transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract in the period of 2018-2022 in Vitebsk and Vitebsk region were assessed.
Results. Urothelial carcinoma of the urinary tract localized mainly in the bladder (679 patients) is 3,4 times more often diagnosed in men, whose average age is 71.6±10.0 years. In 68,8% of cases the invasion of the bladder mucous and submucosal layers corresponding to non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer was diagnosed. The recurrence rate in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer was 31,2%, with an average period of 16 months before recurrence, whereas in muscle-invasive bladder cancer the recurrence rate was 32,7%, with an average period of 9,7 months before the first recurrence of the disease. The period until the development of the first relapse was statistically significantly 2,4 times longer in the non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer group than in the MIBC group (354 days [194; 737] and 147,5 days [106.5; 358.5], respectively, p=0,0007). The period to progression in MIBC was 277.7±54,9 days [126; 331] and in NMIBC 374,7±103,3 days [125; 520].
Conclusions. The period before the first relapse in muscle-invasive is 2,4 times shorter than in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Process progression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer was 3,6 times less common than in muscle-invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma. While analyzing morbidity and mortality from urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract and the bladder in the territory of Vitebsk region no significant fluctuations were detected. The highest incidence was determined in 2019 and the highest mortality in 2022.
Keywords: urothelial carcinoma, oncourology, bladder, epidemiology.
References
1. Stepanova YuA, Prokofyeva AV, Dunaev SA, Glotov AV, Morozova MV, Gritskevich AA, i dr. Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: morphology, diagnosis and treatment. Med Vizualizatsiya. 2018;(1):78-92. (In Russ.). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24835/1607-0763-2018-1-78-92
2. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018 Nov;68(6):394-424. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492
3. Cassell A, Yunusa B, Jalloh M, Mbodji MM, Diallo A, Ndoye M, et al. Non-muscle invasivebladder cancer: a review of the current trend in Africa. World J Oncol. 2019 Jun;10(3):123-131. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/wjon1210
4. Lee LJ, Kwon CS, Forsythe A, Mamolo CM, Masters ET, Jacobs IA. Humanistic and economic burden of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: results of two systematic literature reviews. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2020 Nov:12:693-709. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CEOR.S274951
5. Martini A, Sfakianos JP, Renström-Koskela L, Mortezavi A, FalagarioUG, Egevad L, et al. The natural history of untreated muscle-invasive bladder cancer. BJU Int. 2020 Feb;125(2):270-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bju.14872
6. Barocas DA, Boorjian SA, Alvarez RD, Downs TM, Gross CP, Hamilton BD, et al. Microhematuria: AUA/SUFU Guideline. J Urol. 2020 Oct;204(4):778-86. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000001297
7. Garg T, Pinheiro LC, Atoria CL, Donat SM, WeissmanJS, Herr HW, et al. Gender disparities in hematuria evaluation and bladder cancer diagnosis: a population based analysis. J Urol. 2014 Oct;192(4):1072-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.04.101
8. Lucca I, Klatte T, Fajkovic H, de Martino M, Shariat SF. Gender differences in incidence and outcomes of urothelial and kidney cancer. Nat Rev Urol. 2015 Oct;12(10):585-92. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2015.232
9. Cohn JA, Vekhter B, Lyttle C, Steinberg GD, Large MC. Sex disparities in diagnosis of bladder cancer after initial presentation with hematuria: a nationwide claims-based investigation. Cancer. 2014 Feb;120(4):555-61. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.28416
10. Scosyrev E, Noyes K, Feng C, Messing E. Sex and racial differences in bladder cancer presentation and mortality in the US. Cancer. 2009 Jan;115(1):68-74. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.23986
11. Grajales V, Bandari J, Hale NE, Yabes JG, Turner RM, Fam MM, et al. Associations between female sex and treatment patterns and outcomes for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Urology. 2021 May:151:169-75. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.058
12. Herr HW. Tumor progression and survival of patients with high grade, noninvasive papillary (TaG3) bladder tumors: 15-year outcome. J Urol. 2000 Jan;163(1):60-1.
Submitted 05.06.2024
Accepted 18.10.2024
Information about authors:
Y.A. Paulau – postgraduate of the Chair of Oncology with the course of the Faculty for Advanced Training & Retraining, Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7175-7481,
e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. – Yury Alexandrovich Paulau;
N.V. Yarmolenka – oncologist, head of the organizational and methodological department, Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary;
A.S. Zhaunitski – oncourologist-surgeon, head of the oncourology department, Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary;
N.G. Lud – Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor of the Chair of Oncology with the course of the Faculty for Advanced Training & Retraining, Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University;
M.P. Shautsou – oncologist-surgeon, Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary.
