DOI: https://doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2017.3.91
Dounar H.G.1, Rzheuski S.E.2
Antimicrobial activity of the gel with chlorhexidine digluconate intended for the treatment of oral candidiasis
1Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
2Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
Vestnik VGMU. 2017;16(3):91-97.
Abstract.
One of the most common infectious diseases in dental practice is oral candidiasis. Along with the use of antifungal antibiotics, antiseptics for the local treatment of fungal and mixed bacterial-fungal lesions of the oral mucosa are applied. Semisolid dosage forms containing the broad spectrum antiseptic chlorhexidine digluconate are promising topical medications for the oral mucosa treatment.
Objectives. To develop the gel based on chlorhexidine digluconate for the local treatment and prophylactics in oral candidiasis and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity.
Material and methods. For the development of the drug the pharmaceutical substance Chlorhexidine digluconate was used as a 20% solution, as well as various components of the bases of the experimental series. Antifungal activity was assessed by agar diffusion method on the standard and clinical isolates of C. albicans. For comparative assessment the following semisolid drugs were used: 1% ointment of clotrimazole; ointment of nystatin 100 000 units / 1g; gel containing metronidazole 10 mg / g and chlorhexidine digluconate 0,5 mg / g; gel containing choline salicylate 87,1 mg / g and cetalkonium chloride 0,1 mg / g; gel containing miramistin 5 mg / g; ointment containing povidone-iodine, 100 mg / g.
Results. Five pilot series of chlorhexidine gels were developed and evaluated according to homogeneity and antimicrobial activity. Absence of stratification, discoloration, and the best antimicrobial activity were noted in a series of gel based on purified water and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. While assessing antimicrobial qualities of gels with different concentrations of chlorhexidine, it has been found that the 0,5% chlorhexidine gel is statistically more active than the 0,1% chlorhexidine gel, the 1% chlorhexidine gel is more active than the 0,5% gel (p<0,05). The 1% gel of chlorhexidine by 94,6% causes a higher antifungal activity (confirmed by the obtained coefficient of determination), in comparison with other chlorhexidine gels of lower concentrations. The antifungal activity of chlorhexidine gels with concentrations of 1,0% and 1,5% was not significantly different (p>0,05).
Conclusions. The developed experimental series of the 1% gel with chlorhexidine exceeds in antifungal activity the gels with miramistin, metronidazole and chlorhexidine, and nystatin ointment and is not significantly different in the activity from the gel containing choline salicylate and cetalkonium chloride, and povidone-iodine ointment.
Key words: oral candidiasis, chlorhexidine, gel, antimicrobial activity.
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Information about authors:
Dounar H.G. – postgraduate of the Chair of Restorative Dentistry No.1, Belarusian State Medical University;
Rzheuski S.E. – senior teacher of the Chair of Organization & Economy of Pharmacy with the course of the Faculty for Advanced Training & Retraining, Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University.
Correspondence address: Republic of Belarus, 210023, Vitebsk, 27 Frunze ave., Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Chair of Organization & Economy of Pharmacy with the course of the Faculty for Advanced Training & Retraining. E-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра. – Siarhei E. Rzheuski.
